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Anaesthesiology and its future trends

Lisa William

Anaesthesiology is the medical specialty concerned with the total perioperative care of patients before, during and after surgery. It encompasses anaesthesia, intensive care medicine, critical emergency medicine, and pain medicine. A physician specialized in anaesthesiology is called an anaesthesiologist, or anaesthetist, depending on the country. The role of anaesthesiologists in ensuring adequate pain relief for patients in the immediate postoperative period, as well as their expertise in regional anaesthesia and nerve blocks, has led to the development of pain medicine as a subspecialty in its own right. The field comprises individualized strategies for all forms of analgesia, including pain management during childbirth, neuromodulator technological methods such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation or implanted spinal cord stimulators, and specialized pharmacological regimens in some countries, the terms are synonymous, while in other countries they refer to different positions and anaesthetist is only used for non-physicians, such as nurse anaesthetists.