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Bioprocessing Technologies in Biorefinery for Sustainable Production of Fuels, Chemicals, and Polymers

Jista Chakravarthy

Bioprocessing technologies play a crucial role in the sustainable production of fuels, chemicals, and polymers within the context of biorefineries. This article provides an overview of the key bioprocessing technologies employed in biorefineries and their significance in achieving a renewable and eco-friendly alternative to fossil fuels and petrochemicals. The article highlights the importance of feedstock selection and pretreatment techniques to optimize bioprocessing efficiency. Enzymatic hydrolysis, facilitated by cellulases and hemicellulases, converts lignocellulosic biomass into fermentable sugars. Fermentation and biocatalysis utilizing microorganisms and enzymes enable the production of a wide range of biofuels, chemicals, and polymers. Downstream processing techniques, such as filtration, chromatography, and distillation, are essential for product isolation and purification. The integration of these bioprocessing technologies within a biorefinery framework enhances overall efficiency and sustainability. Technological advancements, including enzyme engineering and metabolic engineering, contribute to improving the economics and scalability of bioprocessing technologies. The article concludes with a glimpse into the future, highlighting the potential for further advancements and integration of biorefineries with other renewable energy sources