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Comparison of Different Methods for Assessing Overall and Abdominal Obesity among Adolescents in Ibadan Northwest Local Government Area, Ibadan, Oyo State

Olukayode Joseph Jasanya, Segun Bello, Magbagbeola David Dairo

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the level of agreement among CDC BMI percentile, WHO BMI Z-scores and IOTF criteria for the assessment of overall obesity and also among the waist circumference, waist to hip ratio, and waist to height ratio criteria for the assessment of abdominal obesity. Methods: The study involved 602 adolescents identified by multistage sampling method from selected communities. Overall obesity was determined using the CDC BMI percentile, IOTF and WHO BMI Z score criteria while abdominal obesity was assessed using the WC, WHR, and WHtR. Weight category was divided into underweight, normal, overweight and obesity while the measurement of abdominal adiposity was classified as normal and abdominal obesity. Agreement among the different methods was determined using Kappa coefficient. Results: The prevalence of overall obesity was 18 (3%), 17 (2.8%) and 6 (1%) using the CDC BMI percentile, WHO Z score, and the IOTF criteria respectively while the prevalence of abdominal obesity was 2.3%, 9.6% and 29.1% using the WC, WHtR and WHR respectively. For the classification of overall obesity, the agreement between the criteria of CDC and WHO BMI Z score was the highest (K=0.76) and the lowest was between IOTF and WHO (K=0.244). For abdominal obesity, the agreement between WC and WHtR K=0.365) while agreement between WC and WHR gave the lowest K=0.088. Conclusion: The highest level of agreement for overall obesity determination obtained was between CDC BMI percentile and WHO BMI Z score while only a moderate agreement was observed between WC and WHtR.