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Effect of high dietary fiber low glycemic index diet on intestinal flora, blood glucose and inflammatory response in T2DM patients

Xiaojun Cai, Lei Wang, Xuling Wang, Song Liu

Aims: To study the effect of high dietary fiber low glycemic index (GI) diet on intestinal flora, blood glucose and inflammatory response in T2DM patients.

Methods: 130 T2DM patients treated in our hospital were selected as the subjects from January 2016 to January 2017. The patients were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method. Each group has 65 patients. Patients in the control group received diabetes diet, exercise therapy, and oral hypoglycemic drugs. The observation group was treated with high dietary fiber and low glycemic index diet on the basis of the control group. The two groups were intervened for 6 months continuously. Before and after intervention, the changes of intestinal flora and blood glucose levels in the two groups were compared, and the changes of serum hs-CRP, IL-1 beta and IL-6 levels in the two groups were observed.

Results: There was no significant difference in intestinal flora indicators between two groups of Enterococcus, Escherichia coli, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus before intervention (P>0.05). After intervention, the number of Enterococcus, Escherichia coli in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the number of bacteria in Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in FPG, HbA1c, FINS and HOMA-IR between the two groups before intervention (P>0.05). After intervention, the FPG, HbA1c, FINS and HOMA-IR in the observation group were significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Before intervention, there was no significant difference in the levels of hs-CRP, IL-1β and IL-6 between the two groups (P>0.05). After intervention, the levels of hs- CRP, IL-1β and IL-6 in the observation group were significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05).

Conclusion: High dietary fiber low glycemic index diet can effectively improve the intestinal flora imbalance and blood glucose level in T2DM patients, reduce serum inflammatory response and promote the rehabilitation of patients.