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Fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) a well known quarantine pest and its global IPM strategies

Umar Niaz, Amjad Khan, M. Umar Javed, M. Atif, Shahab-ud-Din

The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda, (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a migratory pest of maize crop in African continent and United States. It is mostly feed on leaves at larval stage. When population becomes high then its feeds also on ears of maize plants. This pest can be controlled by various types of pesticides globally but now resistance has come in pest against insecticides. So we can also control this pest by other control strategies including physical, biological, mechan- -ical control instead of chemical control method. By this can save our ecosystem and nature from hazardous effects of chemicals.