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Studying the clinical results of balloon kyphoplasty and the correlation between the kyphotic correction of spinal column deformity among osteoporotic patients during kyphoplasty

Alireza Mohammadi, Alireza Nabati, Ali Ahmadi, Alireza Kamali, Mohsen Dalvandi

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the level of kyphotic deformity of spinal column among osteoporotic patients during balloon Kyphoplasty with T-score and Z-score and the effect of osteoporosis on the results of kyphoplasty surgery.

Methods: After operation conducted patients suffering from osteoporotic fractures resorting for kyphoplasty from 2015 to 2016. Based upon inclusion criteria, the patients underwent kyphoplasty. Kyphotic angle, Cobb angle, the height of the fractured vertebrae in the anterior, the middle and posterior parts of the body in each patient were measured and assessed before and after operation.

Results: A significant reduction was observed in post-operation VAS compared to what was observed prior to operation. The post-operation average pain had also decreased in various times (immediately after operation, 2 weeks later, 6 months later) (P=0.0001). The kyphotic angle and post-kyphoplastic Cobb angles had reduced and the height of the vertebrae in the anterior and middle part of the vertebrae had increased. As the level of osteoporosis increased, the sagittal correction was balanced and the height of vertebrae increased. There was no statistically significant correlation between VAS and the level of osteoporosis (P=0.909). The unilateral and bilateral injection of cement caused no significant difference in the results of operation and VAS (P>0.05). There was no significant correlation between the amount of injected cement and correction level of kyphotic and Cobb angles and rise of vertebrae’s height.

Conclusions: Kyphoplasty helps improve kyphosis angle and Cobb and increases the height of vertebraes and reduces pain. As the level of osteoporosis increased, the level of sagittal balance correction and height of vertebrae also increased, but no significant correlation was observed between it and average pain reduction.